The origins of crisis management date back to the middle of the 20th century, during the Cold War, when the potential for a catastrophe was ever-present. A strategic model was required to tackle nuclear confrontations or major threats to national security. Thus, crisis management was born, first in the military and then adopted by civil and corporate organisations.
One significant event that marked a milestone in the evolution of crisis management was the 1982 Tylenol scandal. The incident, in which seven people died due to cyanide-laced Tylenol pills, is often praised as an example of exceptional crisis management, setting a standard for future crises.
Modern crisis management emerged when disasters and catastrophes started having a global impact like the 2008 financial crisis. The approach evolved from reactive to proactive, incorporating risk management and comprehensive strategies to minimize damage.
Today, in the digital age, crisis management has evolved further to tackle online threats, reputation damage, and social media crises. On the upside, these same digital tools are also empowering organizations to respond rapidly, manage communication effectively and rebuild tarnished images post-crisis.
Over time, we find that crisis management has shifted from being a “corporate buzzword” to a mandatory survival skill. This survival skill has become even more essential in the wake of unprecedented events, like the COVID-19 pandemic. It has underscored the need for organizations to anticipate crises, plan response strategies, safeguard stakeholder interests, and ensure long-term sustainability. Thus, crisis management is no longer confined to the PR department—it is a cross-functional discipline involving leadership at all levels.
While crisis management’s history is laced with high-stakes situations, it portrays human resilience, resourcefulness, and reaffirms crisis management’s relevance in an unpredictable world. It’s about crafting a narrative of survival, resilience, and corporate agility—one that adds yet another compelling chapter to history’s tale.